Is Ashwagandha a “Superfood”? Separating Marketing From Science

Abstract Summary

Objective

Assess whether ashwagandha qualifies as a “superfood” under scientific and regulatory norms and summarize evidence-based benefits/risks.

Context

Nutrition authorities emphasize diverse dietary patterns over single “super” items; the EU regulates health claims rather than the buzzword itself, and U.S. agencies do not define “superfood.” Ashwagandha functions as a botanical supplement, not a staple food.

Methods Used

Approach

Frame ashwagandha as a targeted tool, not a cure-all. Start with diet/sleep/stress management; if supplementing, use standardized root extracts short-term with clinician input when risk factors exist.

Data Collection

“Superfood” is a sales term, not a scientific category. Meta-analytic data show ashwagandha reduces stress and cortisol at ~8 weeks; safety signals include rare liver injury case series.

Researchers’ Summary of Findings

Impact on Health

Most people will benefit more from consistent dietary patterns and lifestyle foundations; ashwagandha may complement these for short-term stress in appropriate adults.

Health Implications

Avoid if pregnant/breastfeeding or with liver disease, and use caution with thyroid conditions or interacting medications. Discuss with a clinician before use.

Sustainability

Favor third-party-verified brands, root-only extracts, and minimal packaging; prioritize whole-diet improvements, which carry near-zero environmental impact.

DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2025.10136